ACID Properties:

ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee database transactions are processed reliably.

Transaction: A transaction is one or more actions that are defined as single unit of work.

Atomicity: All or nothing execution.

In a sequence of steps either all actions occur or none. Atomicity means that users do not have to worry about the effect of incomplete transactions. If an action fails half-way through a transaction, then all previous actions in the transaction must be rolled back as if they never happened.

Example: Moving money from savings to checking accounts , withdrawing money from bank accounts

Consistency : Execution of transaction results in consistent database.

The database is transformed from one valid state to another valid state.

Example: If someone moves 5,000$ from their bank account that information is logged. If it can't be logged then the money is not transferred.

Isolation : Many transactions may execute concurrently but each is unaware of the others.

The results of a transaction are invisible to other transactions until the transaction is complete.

Example:  If someone querying balance amount at 12.00 AM , now at 12.01 AM user Bunty deposits 250$. The query results even if it finishshes at 12.04AM will not show the changes made by Bunty.

Durability : Persistence.

Once transaction is committed (completed), the results of a transaction are permanent and survive future system and media failures.

Example: Once your seat is reserved on an airplane, even if the system crashes the moment it finishes writing that information in the database your seat will still be reserved.